Table 1. Physico-chemical characteristics of the palm oil mill effluent.

Parameters

Values (mg/L)

Ahmad et al. (2003)

Najafpour et al. (2006)

This study^c

1^st Sample

2^nd Sample^e

3^rd Sample^f

Ranges

pH^a

4.42

4.24

4.66

4.24-4.66

4.7

3.8-4.4

BOD

69,215

62,500

65,427

62,500-69,215

25,000

23,000-26,000

COD

112,023

95,465

100,600

95,465-112,023

50,000

42,500-55,700

TS

71,993

75,327

68,854

68,854-75,327

40,500

-

TSS

47,140

44,680

46,213

44,680-47,140

18,000

16,500-19,500

Oil and Grease

10,052

9,126

8,845

8,845-10,052

4,000

4,900-5,700

TVFA^b

4,226

4,045

4,335

4,045-4,335

-

-

TKN

1,345

1,305

1,493

1,305-1,493

750

500-700^d

NH₃-N

106

91

112

91-112

-

-