Environmental Biotechnology

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 0717-3458 Vol. 10 No. 4, Issue of October 15, 2007
© 2007 by Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso -- Chile Received July 25, 2006 / Accepted May 22, 2007
DOI: 10.2225/vol10-issue4-fulltext-15
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Equilibrium sorption isotherm studies of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions detoxification from waste water using unmodified and EDTA-modified maize husk

Jude C. Igwe*
Department of Industrial Chemistry
Abia State University
P.M.B 2000, Uturu
Abia State, Nigeria
Tel: 234 803 675 2059
E-mail: jcigwe2001@yahoo.com

Augustin A. Abia
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry
University of Port Harcourt
P.O. Box 402
Choba, Port Harcourt
River State, Nigeria
Tel: 234 803 668 5125
E-mail: abiauniport2005@yahoo.com

*Corresponding author

Financial support: This research was supported by an intervention fund from Education Tax Fund (ETF), Federal Ministry of Education, Nigeria to J.C. Igwe.

Keywords: adsorption isotherm, EDTA, heavy metals, maize husk, waste water.

Abbreviations:

EDTA: ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid

Abstract
Full Text

The mobilization of heavy metals in the environment due to industrial activities is of serious concern due to the toxicity of these metals in humans and other forms of life. The equilibrium adsorption isotherms of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions, detoxification from waste water using unmodified and EDTA-modified maize husk have been studied. Maize husk was found to be an excellent adsorbent for the removal of these metal ions. The amount of these metal ions adsorbed increased as the initial concentration increased. Also, EDTA-modification enhanced the adsorption capacity of maize husk due to the chelating ability of ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). Among the three adsorption isotherms tested, Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm gave the best fit with R2 value ranging from 0.7646 to 0.9988 and an average value of 0.9321. This is followed by Freundlich and then Langmiur isotherms. The sorption process was found to be mostly a physiosorption process as seen from the apparent energy of adsorption which ranged from 1.03 KJ/mol to 12.91 KJ/mol. Therefore, this study demonstrates that maize husk which is an environmental pollutant could be used to adsorb heavy metals and achieve environmental cleanliness.

Supported by UNESCO / MIRCEN network