Table 1. The average concentration of heavy metals and sodium detected in shrimp ponds around Songkhla Lake Basin and Pak Phanang Basin.



Area
(n) a

Sediment (mg/kg)

Water (mg/L)

Cd

Pb

Cu

Zn

Na

Cd

Pb

Cu

Zn

Na

Pak Phanang
n = 3

0.06 ± 0.00

13.5 ± 0.00

5.00  ± 0.00

25.13 ± 0.00

1004.63 ± 0.04

<0.001

0.002 ± 0.00

0.004 ± 0.00

0.026 ± 0.00

21016 ± 17479

Hua Sai
n = 4

0.10 ± 0.02

9.38 ± 4.47

14.35±12.31

33.49±21.44
(58.5)

2134.96 ± 1496.06
(3208.75)

<0.001

<0.005

0.003 ± 0.00

0.001 ± 0.00

43569 ± 37851
(84550)

Ranot
n = 5

0.09 ± 0.06

8.69 ± 5.06

13.16±14.41
(34.60)

17.92±12.54

1164.75 ± 605.15

<0.001

<0.005

0.009 ± 0.00

0.001 ± 0.00

29043 ± 904

Krasae Sin
n = 2

0.13 ± 0.00

20.75 ± 0.00

8.50 ± 0.00

32.25± 0.00

364.00± 1.01

0.003 ± 0.00
(0.003 ± 0.0)

<0.005

0.03 ± 0.03

0.22 ± 0.00

5112 ± 1840

Sathing Phra
n = 3

0.15 ± 0.00

22.19±10.69

10.19 ± 9.46

35.44±13.70

1589.5 ± 1706.60

0.001± 0.00

0.006±0.00
(0.006±0.0)

0.02 ± 0.02
(0.06 ± 0.03)

0.14 ± 0.11

15524 ± 7751

Hat Yai
n = 4

0.11 ± 0.12

4.59 ± 5.33

5.59 ± 7.38

12.34±15.04

810.15 ± 873.79

<0.001

<0.005

0.006 ± 0.00

0.24 ± 0.00

28431 ± 12910

Pak Phayun
n = 10

0.19 ± 0.22
(0.75)

19.74 ± 21.59
(62.63)

10.22±11.34

22.26±24.44

1887.50 ± 2033.13

<0.001

<0.005

0.004 ± 0.00

0.53 ± 0.59
(1.70 ± 0.85)

21070 ± 22555

Overall
n = 31

0.13 ± 0.16

13.25 ± 13.48

10.15 ± 8.76

23.01 ± 16.80

1437.12 ± 1060.32

0.002 ± 0.00

0.004 ± 0.00

0.01 ± 0.01

0.16 ± 0.38

24144 ± 21863

Sediment b

1.5

75

65

200

na

≤ 0.005c

≤ 0.0085c

≤ 0.008c

≤ 0.05c

na

Soil d

≤ 37

≤ 400

na

na

na

Data represent mean ± standard deviation. a n= Number of ponds, b HKGS (1998), c Pollution Control Department, (2006), d Pollution Control Department (2004).
na = not applicable, number in a bracket is the highest concentration of the detected element.


Supported by UNESCO / MIRCEN network