Table 3 - Antimicrobial effect of polyphenols from apple skins on human bacterial pathogens

Table 3. Inhibitory effect of 7 mg GAE/ml of skin extracts from Royal Gala and Granny Smithapples against bacterial pathogens.

Extracts		*E coli*	E coli ATCC 25922	E coli ATCC 35218	S. aureus ATCC 25923	S. aureus ATCC 29213	P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853	E. faecalis ATCC 29212	*L. monocytogenes*
*Granny Smith*	A B C	3.0* - -	4.0 2.0 -	3.5 - -	4.0 - -	4.5 - -	4.0 - 1	5.0 - -	1.0 - -
*Royal Gala*	A B C	- - -	- - 1.0	- - -	2.0 1.0 -	3.0 2.0 2.0	2.5 1.0 3.0	2.5 2.0 1.0	- 2.0 1.0
Inhibition zone average		0.5	1.2	0.6	1.2	1.9	1.9	1.7	0.7
Control (+)		16	20	11	19	18	15	36	34

A: acetone: water: acetic acid, B: ethyl acetate: methanol: water, C: ethanol: water. Control (+): 1
mg/ml Chloramphenicol. Control (-): clarified extracts.
(*) Diameter of inhibition zone in mm. Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) ≤ 0.5 mm.