Table 1. Results of the continuous gluconic acid fermentation with residence times of 21 and 25 hrs (3 g/l NH₄Cl, 450 g/l glucose, 1 mM iron, 5 mM manganese, pH 6.5, 30ºC and 155% oxygen saturation).

Residence time

hr

21

25

Biomass

g/l

6.8

6.8

Optical density

660 nm

37

37

Glucose

g/l

80

70

Gluconic acid

g/l

315

330

Rj

g/(l x h)

15

13.3

m_p

g/(g x h)

2.2

1.9

Conversion

%

81

82.5

Yield

%

71

76

Selectivity

%

92

92.1